CD90 in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma and Lung Carcinoma
CD90 in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma and Lung Carcinoma
Objectives: To pathologically distinguish mesothelioma from lung carcinoma, particularly adenocarcinoma.
Methods: We conducted immunohistochemical analyses on clinical specimens, including 26 cases of mesothelioma, 28 cases of lung adenocarcinoma, and 33 cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma.
Results: We found that CD90 expression was useful in making a differential diagnosis between epithelioid mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma, whereas sarcomatoid mesothelioma and lung carcinoma specimens, irrespective of the histologic types, were negative in general. The sensitivity and specificity of CD90 expression in epithelioid mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma were comparable to those of well-established markers used for the differential diagnosis.
Conclusions: These data collectively indicate that CD90 is a novel diagnostic marker that contributes to a diagnosis of epithelioid mesothelioma.
Malignant mesothelioma is often associated with asbestos exposure and remains intractable despite recent treatment modalities. No procedure is currently available to prevent mesothelioma development after asbestos exposure, and the patient numbers will increase in industrialized and newly developing countries in the next decades. Mesothelioma is histologically classified into 3 categories—epithelioid, sarcomatoid, and biphasic types—and the epithelioid type is the major type among them. A differential diagnosis between mesothelioma, especially the epithelioid type, and lung carcinoma, particularly adenocarcinoma that invades into pleura, is often difficult in terms of surgical pathology but is quite important from the standpoint of therapeutic procedures. Previous studies demonstrated that immunohistochemical staining with a panel of various kinds of antibody (Ab) was valuable for diagnostics, which used calretinin, D2–40, and Wilms tumor product 1 (WT-1) molecules as a positive marker. Recently, Amatya et al showed that caveolin 1 could be a marker to differentiate epithelioid mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma, but contradictory data were also reported. It is thereby important to identify other candidate molecules to increase diagnostic accuracy. In this study, we found that CD90, expressed mainly in immunological and nervous systems, was positive for human mesothelioma cell lines but negative for lung carcinoma. We then demonstrated that immunohistochemical staining of CD90 was useful to differentiate between mesothelioma, particularly the epithelioid type, and lung carcinoma.
Abstract and Introduction
Abstract
Objectives: To pathologically distinguish mesothelioma from lung carcinoma, particularly adenocarcinoma.
Methods: We conducted immunohistochemical analyses on clinical specimens, including 26 cases of mesothelioma, 28 cases of lung adenocarcinoma, and 33 cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma.
Results: We found that CD90 expression was useful in making a differential diagnosis between epithelioid mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma, whereas sarcomatoid mesothelioma and lung carcinoma specimens, irrespective of the histologic types, were negative in general. The sensitivity and specificity of CD90 expression in epithelioid mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma were comparable to those of well-established markers used for the differential diagnosis.
Conclusions: These data collectively indicate that CD90 is a novel diagnostic marker that contributes to a diagnosis of epithelioid mesothelioma.
Introduction
Malignant mesothelioma is often associated with asbestos exposure and remains intractable despite recent treatment modalities. No procedure is currently available to prevent mesothelioma development after asbestos exposure, and the patient numbers will increase in industrialized and newly developing countries in the next decades. Mesothelioma is histologically classified into 3 categories—epithelioid, sarcomatoid, and biphasic types—and the epithelioid type is the major type among them. A differential diagnosis between mesothelioma, especially the epithelioid type, and lung carcinoma, particularly adenocarcinoma that invades into pleura, is often difficult in terms of surgical pathology but is quite important from the standpoint of therapeutic procedures. Previous studies demonstrated that immunohistochemical staining with a panel of various kinds of antibody (Ab) was valuable for diagnostics, which used calretinin, D2–40, and Wilms tumor product 1 (WT-1) molecules as a positive marker. Recently, Amatya et al showed that caveolin 1 could be a marker to differentiate epithelioid mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma, but contradictory data were also reported. It is thereby important to identify other candidate molecules to increase diagnostic accuracy. In this study, we found that CD90, expressed mainly in immunological and nervous systems, was positive for human mesothelioma cell lines but negative for lung carcinoma. We then demonstrated that immunohistochemical staining of CD90 was useful to differentiate between mesothelioma, particularly the epithelioid type, and lung carcinoma.
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